Geography-----------Location:Middle East, bordering the Gulf of Oman, the Persian Gulf, and the Caspian Sea, between Iraq and PakistanGeographic coordinates:32 00 N, 53 00 EArea:Total: 1.648 million sq km land: 1.636 million sq km water: 12,000 sq km
area - comparative:slightly larger than AlaskaLand boundaries:Total: 5,440 km border countries: Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan 432 km, Iraq, Pakistan, Turkey, TurkmenistanCoastline:2,440 km; note - Iran also borders the Caspian Sea (740 km)Maritime claims:territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: bilateral agreements or median lines in the Persian Gulf continental shelf: natural prolongationClimate:mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coastElevation extremes:lowest point: Caspian Sea -28 m highest point: Kuh-e Damavand (Damavand Peak)5,671 mNatural resources:petroleum, natural gas, coal, chromium, copper, iron ore, lead, manganese, zinc, sulfur
People-------Population:68,017,860 (July 2005 est.)Age structure:0-14 years: 27.1% (male 9,465,475/female 8,973,828) 15-64 years: 68% (male 23,556,970/female 22,701,065) 65 years and over: 4.9% (male 1,637,512/female 1,683,010) (2005 est.)Population growth rate:0.86% (2005 est.)Sex ratio:at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.97 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2005 est.)Nationality:noun: Iranian(s) adjective: IranianEthnic groups:Persian 51%, Azeri 24%, Gilaki and Mazandarani 8%, Kurd 7%, Arab 3%, Lur 2%, Baloch 2%,Turkmen 2%, other 1%Religions:Muslim 98%, Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian, 2%Languages:Persian and Persian dialects 58%, Turkic and Turkic dialects 26%, Kurdish 9%, Luri 2%, other 5%Government-------------Country name:conventional long form: Islamic Republic of Iran conventional short form: Iran local long form: Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Iran local short form: Iran former: PersiaCapital:TehranAdministrative divisions:30 provinces (ostanha, singular - ostan); Ardabil, Azarbayjan-e Gharbi, Azarbayjan-e Sharqi, Bushehr, Chahar Mahall va Bakhtiari, Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Golestan, Hamadan, Hormozgan, Ilam, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan-e Janubi, Khorasan-e Razavi, Khorasan-e Shemali, Khuzestan, Kohgiluyeh va Buyer Ahmad, Kordestan, Lorestan, Markazi, Mazandaran, Qazvin, Qom, Semnan, Sistan va Baluchestan, Tehran, Yazd, ZanjanNational holiday:Republic Day, 1 April (1979) note: additional holidays celebrated widely in Iran include Revolution Day, 11 February (1979); Noruz (New Year's Day), 21 March; Constitutional Monarchy Day, 5 August (1925)Flag description:three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red; the national emblem (a stylized representation of the word Allah in the shape of a tulip, a symbol of martyrdom)in red is centered in the white band; ALLAH AKBAR (God is Great) in white Arabic script is repeated 11 times along the bottom edge of the green band and 11 times along the top edge of the red band
Economy---------Agriculture - products:wheat, rice, other grains, sugar beets, fruits, nuts, cotton; dairy products, wool; caviarIndustries:petroleum, petrochemicals, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food processing (particularly sugar refining and vegetable oil production), metal fabrication, armamentsCurrency:Iranian Rial (IRR)Internet country code:.irInternet hosts:5,269 (2004)Internet users:6.5 million (2005)
Transportation---------------Railways:total: 7,203 km broad gauge: 94 km 1.676-m gauge standard gauge: 7,109 km 1.435-m gauge (189 km electrified) (2003)Highways:total: 167,157 km paved: 94,109 km (including 890 km of expressways) unpaved: 73,048 km (1998)Ports and harbors:Abadan, Ahvaz, Bandar 'Abbas, Bandar-e Anzali, Bushehr, Bandar-e Emam Khomeyni, Bandar-e Lengeh, Bandar-e Mah Shahr, Bandar-e Torkaman, Chabahar , Jazireh-ye Khark,Jazireh-ye Lavan, Jazireh-ye Sirri, Khorramshahr, Now ShahrAirports:305 (2004 e
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